Multi-modal and multi-scale clinical retinal imaging system with pupil and retinal tracking.

We present a compact multi-modal and multi-scale retinal imaging instrument with an angiographic functional extension for clinical use. The system integrates scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging modalities and provides multi-scale fields of view. For high resolution, and high lateral resolution in particular, cellular imaging correction of aberrations by adaptive optics (AO) is employed. The entire instrument has a compact design and the scanning head is mounted on motorized translation stages that enable 3D self-alignment with respect to the subject's eye by tracking the pupil position. Retinal tracking, based on the information provided by SLO, is incorporated in the instrument to compensate for retinal motion during OCT imaging. The imaging capabilities of the multi-modal and multi-scale instrument were tested by imaging healthy volunteers and patients.

Improvement in viability and mineralization of osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell through combined application of photobiomodulation therapy and oxytocin.

The probable positive effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and oxytocin (OT) treatments together or alone were evaluated on cell viability along with the changes in the gene expression of Osteocalcin (OC), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) levels of sham (healthy)-Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(BMMSC) and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis (OVX)-BMMSC. BMMSC was harvested from healthy and OVX rats and was cultured in osteogenic induction medium (OIM). There were five groups of BMMSCs: (1) sham -BMMSCs; (2) control -OVX-BMMSCs; (3) OT-treated-OVX-BMMSCs; (4) PBMT-treated-OVX-BMMSCs, and (5) OT + PBMT-OVX-BMMSCs. In all 5 groups, BMMSC viability and proliferation as well as gene expression of OC, OPG, and RUNX2 were evaluated. PBMT and PBMT + OT treatments showed a promising effect on the increased viability of OVX-BMMSC (ANOVA test; LSD test, p = 0.01, p = 0.002). The results of gene expression analysis revealed that the sham- BMMSCs responded optimally to OT treatment. It was also found that OVX-BMMSCs responded optimally to PBMT + OT and PBMT treatments at early and middle stages of osteogenic induction process. Nevertheless, they responded optimally to PBMT + OT and OT especially at the late stage of osteogenic induction process. PBMT and PBMT + OT treatments significantly increased viability of OVX-BMMSC in OIM in vitro. Both PBMT and PBMT + OT treatments could promote mineralization of OVX-BMMSC in the culture medium at early and middle stages of osteogenic induction process. Both OT and PBMT + OT treatments could promote mineralization of OVX-BMMSC in vitro at late stages of osteogenic induction process.